Calculating Fibonacci numbers

However, for large n this would need extraordinary precision to calculate.

Here are three methods to calculate f_n, each successive method exponentially more efficient than its predecessor.

Recursion:

    Fib1(n)
       if n ≤ 2 then return 1
       else return ( Fib1(n-1) + Fib1(n-2) )

    T(n) = Θ(φⁿ)

Dynamic programming:

    Fib2(n)
       i := 1
       j := 1
       for k := 3 to n do
          j := i+j
          i := j-i
       return j

    T(n) = Θ(n)

Divide-and-conquer:

    Fib3(n)
       i := 1
       j := 0
       k := 0
       h := 1
       while n > 0 do
          if n is odd then
             t := jh
             j := ih + jk + t
             i := ik + t
          t := h2
          h := 2kh + t
          k := k2 + t
          n := floor( n/2 )
       return j

    T(n) = Θ(log n)

Fib3 works by making use of the fact that

        _      _  n        _           _
       |  0  1  |         |  fn-1  fn    |
       |        |     =   |             |
       |_ 1  1 _|         |_ fn    fn+1 _|